Ovarian Cysts

Ovaries are reproductive structures in the female pelvis, which release eggs in monthly menstrual cycles for fertilization by sperm. The ovaries are also important for their role in producing female hormones (estrogen and progesterone) before menopause sets in.

Ovarian cysts are commonly found in women of the reproductive age group. They are liquid-filled structures within the ovaries (much like a small balloon filled with water, blood, mucus or other fluid), the type of cells lining the cyst (the rubber of the balloon) determines its nature. Most ovarian cysts are benign, especially in the young woman. Cancerous cysts are more common as age increases. Ovarian cysts that look suspicious for cancer on scans, are large, or causing pain, should be removed to determine their nature, and relieve symptoms caused.

Depending on the number of cysts, their size, and suspicion level for cancer, ovarian cysts may be removed with laparoscopy (keyhole surgery) or open surgery. In some cases, the entire ovary may be removed if necessary.